Analysis of Centre-State Relation with Constitutional Doctrines
Keywords:
Federalism, Pith and Substance, Cooperative Federalism, Fiscal Federalism, RepugnancyAbstract
The Centre-State relations in India are governed by the Constitution, which establishes a federal structure with a strong central bias. This connection is vital for preserving the equilibrium of authority and facilitating the seamless operation of the nation. Several constitutional doctrines underpin these relations, influencing legislative, administrative, and financial interactions. The allocation of powers is delineated in the Seventh Schedule of the Constitution, which categorizes subjects into three lists: Union, State, and Concurrent. The principle of "pith and substance" is instrumental in addressing disputes between the Central and State governments regarding legislative jurisdiction. It asserts that the true nature of legislation must be examined rather than its incidental effects, allowing for a clear determination of jurisdiction. Another important doctrine is "repugnancy," which deals with conflicts between Central and State laws on concurrent subjects, favouring Central laws in case of inconsistency. Administrative relations are shaped by the doctrine of "cooperative federalism," which emphasizes collaboration between different levels of government. The Constitution establishes methods for the Central government to advise and assist the States through entities such as the Inter-State Council and Finance Commission. The Centre-State relations in India, governed by the Constitution, are dynamic and complex. The interplay of various doctrines ensures a balance of power while fostering cooperation and coordination. These doctrines not only delineate the division of powers but also provide mechanisms to resolve disputes, thereby maintaining the integrity and unity of the nation.
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