Artificial Intelligence and Cyber Security in The Judicial System: India in Comparison with The USA, UK and China
Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence, Cyber Security, Justice Delivery System, Indian Judiciary, Case Backlog, Ethical AIAbstract
At a global level, the influence of AI in judicial systems is still an innovative factor. Thanks to streamlined solutions via predictive analytics and decision support, AI is overhauling how justice is served across many systems while raising critical cyber security concerns for protecting sensitive legal data. The current article assesses the application of AI in the Indian judiciary and compares it to the USA, UK, and China. Projects like the e-Courts Project Phase III in India deploy AI as part of a strategic partnership to manage these legal cases and conduct research to help minimize the backlog of nearly 50 million legal cases, which is a huge push for more reform. The United States has implemented state-of-the-art platforms such as ROSS for legal research and COMPAS for risk assessment; however, bias issues are persistent and ambiguous, as indicated by research highlighting the concerns regarding the public acceptability of AI in the United States criminal justice system, with a focus on transparent algorithms to minimize bias. The UK will focus on regulatory frameworks and using new tools such as Luminance for document review, as its new AI Action Plan shows the need to consider the moral application of AI in a responsible manner when applying new approaches. China, taking a more divergent approach, is incorporating “smart courts” and intends to legislate AI to be
used in adjudication by 2025, significantly improving case-making. In doing so, we compare India’s commitment to accessible courts and reducing the case backlog with the USA’s efforts on technology, the UK’s regulatory oversight, and China’s wide-scale state-led approaches. The ethical dilemmas characteristic of these countries demonstrate the urgency of balancing the gradual transition to AI technologies within judicial frameworks with robust cyber security measures, by further investigating the impact of bias, ethics, and regulatory frameworks, as mentioned in some of the global literature on AI in justice.
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