A CRITIQUE ON THE STATUS OF THE GIG WORKERS IN INDIA JOURNAL OF LABOUR LAW

Authors

  • Mukund Ranjan National University of Study and Research in Law, Ranchi

Keywords:

Gig Economy, Gig Workers, Social Security, Status

Abstract

Gig is actually a slang term meaning a job for a specified period of time. But it has found its
way into mainstream business vocabularies as more and more communities trend towards a
gig economy. A gig economy is a free market system with a lot of temporary jobs. Gig
workers include freelancers, independent contractors, project-based workers, and temporary
hires, and they can be found in any business industry now a days. Writers, rideshare drivers,
photographers, accountants, realtors, handymen, programmers, tutors, painters, dog walkers,
and anybody else who enters into formal agreements with a company to deliver services
without being on the payroll are all examples of gig workers. Because of digitization, the
workforce is becoming more mobile, allowing workers to choose from a variety of temporary
jobs all around the world. The gig economy also saves employers money on things like
benefits, office space, and training, while giving employees advantages like a better work-life
balance and the opportunity to choose the jobs or gigs they want. However, the gig economy
has also brought in the challenges for the gig workers in the existing labour law systems.

This paper intends to look into the status of gig economy workers in India and how can they
be improved. To begin, this paper introduces some recent case studies in order to provide an
impression of the status of workers in India's gig economy. However, with the help of
illustrations, this paper also explains the gig economy and how it works in India. Second, this
paper examines the current state of gig economy workers in India using case studies from
various media outlets as well as academic research papers. It also draws on previous surveys
of gig workers conducted in various parts of India and among various types of gig workers.
Finally, this paper proposes some solutions for improving the status of gig workers and also

suggests some actions that individuals and businesses, in addition to the government, can take
to help improve the status of gig economy workers.

References

1. Tarush Bhalla, ‘We are a Unicorn now: Grofers co -founder Albinder Dhindsa’ ( Mint, 23 August 2021) <https://www.livemint.com/companies/news/we-are-a-unicorn-now-grofers-co-founder- albinder-dhindsa-11629695492652.html> accessed 25 September 2021

2. ET Tech, ‘Grofers founder responds to criticism of 10 -minute grocery delivery’ ( The Economic Times, 29 August 2021) <https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/startups/grofers -albinder- dhindsa-responds-to-criticism-of-10-minute-grocery-delivery/articleshow/85715834.cms> accessed 25 September 2021

3. Joy Sengupta, ‘Food delivery executives bend road rules at will’ ( The Times of India , 25 December 2018) <https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/food -delivery-executives-bend- road-rules-at-will/articleshow/67237216.cms> accessed 26 September 2021

4. CEAT Tyres, ‘Switch To SecuraDrive | Aamir Khan TVC - Delivery’ (CEAT Tyres YouTube Channel, 4 October 2021) <https://youtu.be/J78kfMfKlcI> accessed 9 October 2021

5. Soumyarendra Barik, ‘When algorithms dictate your work: Life as a food delivery ‘partner’’ (EnTrackr, 20 August 2021) <https://entrackr.com/2021/08/zomato -when-algorithms-dictate- your-work-life-as-a-food-delivery-partner/> accessed 25 September 2021

6. Prachi Salve, Shreehari Paliath, ‘Overworked and underpaid, India’s ‘gig workers’ are survivors of a flawed economy’ ( Scroll.in, 7 June 2019) accessed 26 September 2021

7. Mithun MK, ‘Food delivery workers tell their story on Twitter, say it's a losing game’ ( The News Minute, 4 August 2021) accessed 26 September 2021

8. Aditi Surie, Jyothi Koduganti, ‘The Emerging Nature of Work in Platform Economy Companies in Bengaluru, India: The Case of U ber and Ola Cab Drivers’ (2016) 5(3) EJCLS <http://ejcls.adapt.it/index.php/ejcls_adapt/article/viewFile/224/551> accessed 26 September 2021

9. Supra note 5

10. Supra note 7

11. Indian Federation of App -based Transport Workers, ‘Protecting Workers in the Digital Plat form Economy’ (IFAT in collaboration with ITF) <https://cis-india.org/raw/ifat-itf-protecting-workers- in-digital-platform-economy-ola-uber-occupational-health-safety-report> accessed 27 September 2021

12. Supra note 7

13. Shreya Raman, Rizvi Saif, ‘Gig Jobs Give W oman Higher Incomes But Little Security’ (IndiaSpend, 11 January 2021) <https://www.indiaspend.com/women -2/gig-jobs-give-women- higher-incomes-but-little-security-711758> accessed 30 September 2021

14. Mohit M Rao, ‘The ‘gig’ economy is creating lakhs of jobs, but workers don’t see a future’ ( The Hindu, 1 September 2019) <https://www.thehindu.com/business/Economy/the -gig-economy-is- creating-lakhs-of-jobs-but-workers-dont-see-a-future/article29299673.ece> accessed 4 October 2021

15. The Code on Wages 2019, No. 29 of 2019

16. The Code on Social Security 2020, No. 36 of 2020

17. The Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code 2020, No. 37 of 2020

18. The Industrial Relations Code 2020, No. 35 of 2020

19. Supra note 18, Chapter IX, Social Security for Unorganised Worke rs, Gig Workers and Platform Workers

20. The Code on Social Security 2020, s 114(1)

21. The Code on Social Security 2020, s 109(2)

22. Initiative for What Works to Advance Women and Girls in the Economy (IWWAGE), ‘India’s Emerging Gig Economy The Future of Work for Wo men Workers’ (June 2020) <https://iwwage.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/IWWAGE-Gig-Economy-Report.pdf> accessed 5 October 2021

23. KV Ramaswamy et.al., ‘Trade reforms, labor regulations, and labor -demand elasticities: Empirical evidence from India’ (2007) 89(3 ) TRES 466 <https://direct.mit.edu/rest/article/89/3/466/57686/Trade-Reforms-Labor-Regulations-and-Labor- Demand> accessed 4 October 2021

Downloads

Published

2022-01-18