THE IMPACT OF LEGAL REFORMS ON WOMEN’S RIGHTS IN INDIA: A CRITICAL STUDY

Abstract

This Research paper takes a close look at how women's rights in India have changed as a result of recent legislative changes. Women have achieved significant advancements in the legislative domain, yet continue to encounter several obstacles to justice and equality. The research evaluates the efficacy of a variety of legislative measures in addressing gender-based violence and discrimination, including the Hindu Succession Act, the Indian Penal Code, Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, The Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Marriage) Act, 2019, Maternity Benefit (Amendment) Act, 2017, The Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013, and the Domestic Violence Act. It analyzes the interaction between socio-cultural elements and legal laws in shaping women's experiences. It analyzes deficiencies in the execution and issues associated with these laws, underscoring the necessity for significant reforms and robust enforcement mechanisms. The study aims to contribute to current discussions on enhancing women's rights and promoting gender equality in India by examining the accomplishments and shortcomings of legal reforms.

This paper’s primary point is that a significant disparity persists between de jure legislation advancements and de facto social implementation. Although these reforms may possess theoretical sophistication, their societal impact is frequently diminished by a chronic 'implementation gap.' The failure stems from deeply ingrained patriarchal norms, inadequate legal knowledge among marginalized women, institutional prejudices within law enforcement agencies, and an overburdened judicial system that delays redress. For instance, whereas property laws ostensibly ensure equality, entrenched cultural norms frequently pressure women to relinquish their hereditary entitlements. Institutional friction and societal stigma within the criminal justice system hinder victims of domestic and structural violence from reporting incidents.