Environment Protection Legal and Human Rights Perspective in India

Authors

  • Jayesh Deepak Student, Chanakya National Law University, Patna, Bihar, India

Keywords:

Climate Change Litigation, Prospective future, Climate based claims, judicial activism

Abstract

Climate litigation is in its embryonic stage in India. Climate-related claims have nonetheless to be litigated in the courts. There are some cases during which global climate change has been stated however solely en passant. This example may be set to vary. Global climate change and its impacts are quickly capturing the popular imagination in India. There's a growing appreciation of the importance and significance of the climate challenge, and a swerve of climate policies and initiative at the national and state levels are launched in response. This means not simply that there are potential litigants waiting within the wings however conjointly that climate related claim is probably to be favorably amused by the judiciary. The rise within the range of global climate change judicial proceeding has return below the general public scanner in recent times. Global climate change judicial proceeding is tarnished by the scientific, economic, political queries that are thought of as vital impediments in production apt judicial proceeding strategy. This paper is a trial at distinctive the current legal position of global climate change judicial proceeding in India diagramming an overall probable future. The article argues that climate claims can have a powerful footing in India in years to come back relying upon figuring out legal strategy supported by a number of the common law principles like common nuisance and negligence. Although, for critiques global climate change judicial proceeding supported common law theory should still seem unsure, the potentiality of such suits can't be unnoted in providing a replacement dimension in entire global climate change discussion.

 

References

1. David Hunter, James Salzman and Durwood Zaelke, International Environmental Law and Policy (2002, 2nd ed.), at 590

2. David Freestones, The International Climate Change legal and Institutional Framework: An Overview, in Legal Aspects of Carbon Tradin g: Kyoto, Copenhagen And Beyond (David Freestones et al. eds., 2009) at 5.

3. Shyam Divan, Armin Rosencranz, Environmental law And Policy In India: Cases, Materials And Statutes, (2002, 2nd ed.) at 87.

4. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, 29 May 1992, (1992) 31 International Legal Materials 849 [‘FCCC’]

5. Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, 10 December 1997, (1998) 37 International Legal Materials 22 [the ‘Kyoto Protocol’]

6. PM’s Intervention on Climate Change at Heiligendamm, Meeting of G8 plus 5, Heiligendamm, Germany, 8 June 2007, available at http://www.pib.nic.in.

7. Decision 2/CP.15 Copenhagen Accord, FCCC/CP/2009/11/Add.1 (30 March 2010), 4 [‘Copenhagen Accord’]

8. Report of the Ad Hoc Working Group on the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action on the second part of its first session, held in Doha from 27 November to 7 December 2012, FCCC/ADP/2012/3 (7 February 2013), para 29.

9. A complaint may be made under Section 190, of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973. Id.

10. Article 13 (2), The Constitution of India, 1950

11. Article 21, Ibid

12. Francis Coralie Mullin v. The Administrator, Union Territory of Delhi , NJEL (2018) 20-27 © Law Journals 2018. All Rights Reserved Page 27 (1981) 1 SCC 608, at paras 7 and 8

13. Olga Tellis v. Bombay Municipal Corporation (1985) 3 SCC 545, at para 32

14. Mohini Jain v. State of Karnataka (1992) 3 SCC 666

15. Consumer Education and Research Centre v. Union of India (1995) 3 SCC 42

16. Section 2(h), the Right to Information Act, 2005

17. Section 19(1) and 19(3), ibid

18. Section 20(1) & (2), ibid

19. The Right to Information Initiative of Climate Revolution, a Gurgaon -based organization, has filed several applications with the Ministry of Environment and Forests, the Prime Minister’s Office and other government dep artments seeking information relating to the government’s policy on climate change. The information received is publicly available at http://climaterevolution.net/rti/.

20. See above n 47

21. S. Ghosh, ‘Environment al Litigation in India,’ Hindu Business Line, 1 February 2012, available at http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opin ion/article2848051.ece.

22. Section 14, National Green Tribunal A ct, 2010. The environmental laws in question include the Environment Protection Act, 1986, the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981, and the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980.

23. Section 16, National Green Tribunal Act, 2010

24. Section 2(j), ibid.

25. Section 20, ibid

26. Section 15, ibid

27. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1966, reprinted in International Legal Materials 6 (1967), 368

28. International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, 1966, reprinted in International Legal Materials 6 (1967), 360

29. See, Marilyn Averill, Climate Litigation: Ethical Implications and Societal Impacts, 85Denv. U. L. Rev. 899, 900 (2008)

30. Guha et al., supra note 25, at 34.

31. Ronald Dworkin, Taking Rights Seriously, 22 (Duckworth, London, 1977)

32. George H. Gadbois Jr, ‘The Supreme Court of India as a Political Institution,’ in Rajeev Dhavan et al (eds), Judges and the Judicial Power: Essays in Honour of Justice V. R. Krishna Iyer, 250, 257 (N. M. Tripathi, Bombay, 1985).

33. Ronald Dworkin, Taking Rights Seriously, 22 (Duckworth, London, 1977). Cite this Article Jayesh Deepak, Vishakha Rajgarhia . Rights Perspective in India . National 20–27p.

Downloads

Published

2019-06-28