Critical Analysis on the Efficacy of Soild Waste Management in India and Identifying Sustainable Solutins for Effective Waste Management

Abstract

The modern societies generate more solid waste than early human did. The increase in the quantity and complexity of waste generated as a result of increased industrialisation and rapid urbanisation not only causes issues with resource allocation and power, but also poses a serious threat to the environment. Solid waste generated by industries, hospitals, and hotels is a major source of land pollution. They provide a suitable breeding habitat for rats, mosquitoes, and other potentially dangerous insects. These pollutants are responsible for the spread of serious health hazards. Solid waste management, including scientific processing and recycling, is the only way to tackle these issues therefore an integrated solid waste management system must be adopted with proper planning and execution. The proper handling of waste management strategies is based on the principles of reduce, reuse, recycle, and an appropriate mode for collection, transportation, and processing and disposal system. To resolve the issues the central government has introduced various laws to regulate the generation, collection, transportation, treatment, and disposal of solid waste to promote sustainable waste management practices. There are some of the key acts, policies, and regulations related to solid waste management in India. The lack of systematic waste segregation, inadequate waste collection systems, and limited treatment and disposal facilities have compounded the challenges faced by the municipality in managing solid waste effectively. Improper waste disposal practices, such as open dumping and burning, further exacerbate environmental pollution, air quality deterioration, and public health risks.